Learning Hub · Licensing & Compliance
Incident Reporting & Investigation
Why incident reporting matters
DEFRA Condition 10 requires that all incidents involving animals — bites, injuries, escapes, aggression, illness and near-misses — are recorded and investigated. Inspectors assess two things: (1) that you report incidents honestly, and (2) that you take corrective action to prevent recurrence. A kennels with zero incidents looks suspicious — a kennels with honest reports and strong follow-up scores highly.
How to file an incident report
When an incident occurs, follow this structured approach to capture everything DEFRA requires:
Incident Type
Categorise immediately: Bite, Injury, Escape, Aggression, Illness, Property Damage, Near Miss, Other. The type determines which follow-up actions are mandatory.
Severity Level
Assess honestly: Minor (no treatment needed), Moderate (first aid required), Serious (vet treatment required), Major (hospitalisation or fatality). Severity drives the escalation procedure.
Date, Time, Location
Record the exact time and place. "Around lunchtime in the yard" is not acceptable — "12:23, Exercise Yard B, kennel-side corner" gives inspectors confidence in your reporting accuracy.
Animals & People Involved
Name every animal and person. Include witnesses even if they didn't directly participate. This supports any future insurance claims or complaints.
Description
Write a factual narrative: what happened, in what order, what was observed. Avoid opinions ("the dog was being naughty") — stick to behaviours ("the dog lunged without warning and bit Max's left ear").
Immediate Response
What you did right away: separated animals, applied first aid, called vet, called owner. Inspectors want to see that you took immediate, appropriate action.
Root Cause Analysis
Why did it happen? Overcrowding? Incompatible dogs in the same group? Unsupervised play? This is where learning happens and where inspectors see professionalism.
Watch: An incident being reported step by step
A bite incident during group play — following the reporting procedure step by step...
⚠️
Severity: Moderate
🚨
Incident Detected
Dog bite during group play — Bella nipped Max
🩹
Immediate Response
Dogs separated · Wound assessed · First aid applied
📝
Details Recorded
Time: 10:23 · Location: Exercise Yard B · Witnesses: Sarah M, James K
⚠️
Severity Assessed
Moderate — broken skin, no vet required
📞
Owner Notified
Both owners called — Max's owner at 10:45, Bella's at 10:52
📅
Follow-up Set
Review Bella's play group · Monitor Max wound healing · 24hr recheck
✅
Report Filed
Incident #INC-2025-0047 saved · PDF generated for DEFRA file
✓ Incident report filed — follow-up actions scheduled
Investigation and follow-up
After immediate response, every incident needs structured follow-up:
Status tracking
Each incident moves through: Open → Investigating → Resolved → Closed. Only close an incident when all follow-up actions are complete AND you've reviewed whether it could happen again.
Owner notification
Both owners must be notified (biter and victim) — record the time, who you spoke to, and their response. Some owners will claim they weren't told — your log is your protection.
Vet referral
For Moderate+ severity, record whether a vet was consulted, the vet's advice, and any treatment given. Even a phone consultation counts — log it.
Corrective actions
What changes did you make? "Bella moved to solo walks only", "Maximum 3 dogs per play group", "Added CCTV to Exercise Yard B". These concrete actions show inspectors you learn from incidents.
Review date
Set a review date 1-4 weeks out. At review, check whether the corrective action worked and whether the incident pattern has changed. Close the incident only after review.
What happens through the incident lifecycle
Click each scenario to see the result and email preview
Incident reported
A new entry appears with a red "Open" status badge and the severity level colour-coded. The incident is visible to all staff immediately — no one can claim they weren't aware.
Investigation started
Status changes to "Investigating" (amber). Adding witness statements, photos, and vet reports strengthens the investigation. The timeline shows every action taken.
Resolved with actions
Status changes to "Resolved" (green). Corrective actions are documented and visible. A review date is set to confirm the actions were effective.
Trends and patterns
Over time, your incident log reveals patterns: same dog, same time of day, same play group. These patterns guide policy changes that prevent future incidents — exactly what DEFRA wants.
Pro tips for incident reporting
Report NEAR MISSES too. A dog that lunged but didn't make contact is still an incident. Recording near-misses shows inspectors you're proactive, not reactive.
Take photos immediately. A wound photographed at 10:30 AM is evidence; the owner's photo taken at 9 PM with dramatic lighting is an accusation. Your timestamped photo wins every time.
Never blame the animal. "Bella is aggressive" is an opinion that could get you sued. "Bella exhibited resource-guarding behaviour when Max approached her food bowl" is a factual observation.
Separate the animals FIRST, then start writing. Safety before paperwork — but start the report within 15 minutes while details are fresh.
If an owner threatens legal action, note it in the incident report and contact your insurance broker immediately. Your comprehensive incident log is your best defence.
Review incidents monthly. Even if nothing recent happened, look at the last 3 months for patterns. Inspectors ask "when did you last review your incident log?" — have an answer.
Dog-on-dog aggression during group play is the #1 incident type in kennels. If you keep having them, reduce group sizes or extend your temperament assessment process.
DEFRA inspectors specifically look for a low ratio of "Near Miss" to "Serious" incidents. A healthy ratio (lots of near-misses, few serious) shows you're catching problems early.
Learning Hub • Incident Reporting & Investigation
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